Реферат по дисциплине «Английский язык»

Реферат по теме social ethics.

During the last decades in modern society, issues of a social nature are the object of close attention both of subjects of social policy and of the scientific community. This is evidenced by the creation of various projects and programs relating to the social sphere, interdisciplinary research, integrating the achievements of modern social and humanitarian knowledge, the emergence of innovative methods for solving social problems within the framework of applied ethics and conflictology.

The global problems caused by modern civilization, the dynamism of social life, have opened for the ethics the space of its applied, practical application: ecological, biomedical, professional ethics, business ethics, etc., demanded from the professionals not only new methodological approaches and paradigms, but also innovative models within the framework theoretical ethics for decision-making.

Social ethics arose already in Plato and Aristotle, but it became widespread with the emergence of modern society. Plato in the theory of an ideal state is considering and, in its own way, solves the most important problem of social ethics — the problem of justice. Aristotle also considers the problems of individual ethics in a broad social context. In the works of Nikomakhov’s Ethics and Politics, he argues that ethics is part of politics and an important element of the spider of social management. The goals of ethics and politics coincide — it is the education of virtuous individuals as a necessary condition for the existence of a prosperous (happy) society. Therefore, the ethics of the individual in Aristotle is part of social ethics.

Its true development social ethics has received in modern society and is an important element of its self-organization.

Social ethics — the doctrine of the goals and values ​​of modern society. It considers human behavior in the context of a social system of relations containing certain rules, values ​​and norms (social order) that can not be changed by a single individual and which are forced to adapt. Social ethics consider the question of what kind of influence on the behavior of people is provided by individual organizations (social institutions) and the general social order, and also how their activities can be improved so that they generate social virtues. All types of society can be divided into three types — traditional, modern (industrial) and post-modern (post-industrial and information society). If the basis of traditional society is religious morality and the individual ethics of self-improvement, then in today’s society, the central place is occupied by social ethics, which sets the scale of human activity.